Pwm yog cov khoom siv tseem ceeb ntawm kev lag luam tsheb. Ntau tshaj 90% ntawm cov khoom thiab cov khoom hauv kev tsim tsheb yuav tsum tau tsim los ntawm pwm. Raws li Luo Baihui, tus kws tshaj lij pwm, kwv yees li 1,500 pwm xav tau los tsim lub tsheb ib txwm muaj, uas ntau tshaj 1,000 pwm stamping siv. Hauv kev tsim cov qauv tshiab, 90% ntawm cov haujlwm ua tiav nyob ib puag ncig kev hloov pauv ntawm lub cev profile. Kwv yees li 60% ntawm cov nqi tsim kho ntawm cov qauv tshiab yog siv rau kev tsim cov txheej txheem thiab cov khoom siv stamping ntawm lub cev thiab cov khoom siv. Kwv yees li 40% ntawm cov nqi tsim khoom tsheb yog tus nqi ntawm cov khoom stamping thiab kev sib dhos ntawm lub cev.
Hauv kev txhim kho kev lag luam pwm tsheb hauv tsev thiab txawv teb chaws, cov thev naus laus zis pwm tau qhia txog cov qauv kev txhim kho hauv qab no.
1. Qhov kev sim ua qauv ntawm cov txheej txheem stamping (CAE) yog qhov tseem ceeb dua
Nyob rau xyoo tas los no, nrog rau kev txhim kho sai ntawm cov software thiab kho vajtse hauv computer, cov thev naus laus zis simulation (CAE) ntawm cov txheej txheem stamping ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb zuj zus. Hauv cov tebchaws tsim kho xws li Tebchaws Meskas, Nyiv Pooj, thiab Lub Tebchaws Yelemees, CAE thev naus laus zis tau dhau los ua ib feem tseem ceeb ntawm kev tsim pwm thiab cov txheej txheem tsim khoom. Nws yog siv dav los kwv yees cov teeb meem tsim, ua kom zoo dua cov txheej txheem stamping thiab cov qauv pwm, txhim kho kev ntseeg siab ntawm kev tsim pwm, thiab txo lub sijhawm sim pwm. Ntau lub tuam txhab pwm tsheb hauv tsev kuj tau ua tiav kev vam meej tseem ceeb hauv kev siv CAE thiab tau txais txiaj ntsig zoo. Kev siv CAE thev naus laus zis tuaj yeem txuag tau tus nqi ntawm cov pwm sim thiab luv lub voj voog kev tsim khoom ntawm cov pwm stamping, uas tau dhau los ua ib txoj hauv kev tseem ceeb los xyuas kom meej tias cov pwm zoo. CAE thev naus laus zis maj mam hloov pauv kev tsim pwm los ntawm kev tsim qauv empirical mus rau kev tsim qauv scientific.
2. Txoj hauj lwm ntawm pwm 3D tsim tau sib sau ua ke
Kev tsim pwm peb-seem yog ib feem tseem ceeb ntawm cov thev naus laus zis pwm digital thiab yog lub hauv paus rau kev koom ua ke ntawm kev tsim pwm, kev tsim khoom thiab kev tshuaj xyuas. Cov tuam txhab xws li Toyota thiab General Motors ntawm Tebchaws Meskas tau paub txog kev tsim pwm peb-seem thiab tau txais cov txiaj ntsig zoo. Qee txoj hauv kev siv hauv kev tsim pwm 3D txawv teb chaws yog qhov tsim nyog rau peb siv. Ntxiv nrog rau kev ua kom zoo rau kev paub txog kev tsim khoom sib xyaw, kev tsim pwm peb-seem muaj lwm qhov zoo dua uas nws yooj yim rau kev tshuaj xyuas kev cuam tshuam thiab tuaj yeem ua qhov kev tshuaj xyuas kev cuam tshuam kev txav mus los, uas daws teeb meem hauv kev tsim ob-seem.
Qhov thib peb, cov thev naus laus zis pwm tau dhau los ua qhov kev coj ua tseem ceeb
Nyob rau xyoo tas los no, kev txhim kho sai ntawm cov thev naus laus zis pwm digital yog ib txoj hauv kev zoo los daws ntau yam teeb meem uas ntsib hauv kev tsim cov pwm tsheb. Lub tshuab hu ua digital pwm yog kev siv cov thev naus laus zis computer lossis computer-aided technology (CAX) hauv kev tsim pwm thiab kev tsim khoom. Kev sau luv luv txog kev paub zoo ntawm cov tuam txhab pwm tsheb hauv tsev thiab txawv teb chaws hauv kev siv cov thev naus laus zis computer-aided, cov thev naus laus zis pwm tsheb digital feem ntau suav nrog cov hauv qab no: ① Tsim rau kev tsim khoom (DFM), uas yog, kev tsim khoom raug txiav txim siab thiab tshuaj xyuas thaum lub sijhawm tsim kom ntseeg tau tias muaj kev vam meej ntawm cov txheej txheem. ② Cov thev naus laus zis pab rau kev tsim pwm profile, tsim cov thev naus laus zis tsim profile ntse. ③CAE pab hauv kev tshuaj xyuas thiab stamping tsim cov txheej txheem, kwv yees thiab daws cov teeb meem thiab tsim cov teeb meem. ④ Hloov cov qauv tsim ob-seem ib txwm muaj nrog cov qauv tsim pwm peb-seem. ⑤ Cov txheej txheem tsim pwm siv CAPP, CAM thiab CAT thev naus laus zis. ⑥ Nyob rau hauv kev taw qhia ntawm cov thev naus laus zis digital, daws thiab daws cov teeb meem uas tshwm sim hauv cov txheej txheem ntawm kev sim pwm thiab stamping ntau lawm.
Plaub, kev loj hlob sai ntawm kev ua pwm ua automation
Cov thev naus laus zis thiab cov khoom siv ua tiav siab heev yog lub hauv paus tseem ceeb rau kev txhim kho kev tsim khoom thiab xyuas kom meej cov khoom zoo. Nws tsis yog qhov txawv txawv rau cov tuam txhab pwm tsheb siab heev kom muaj cov cuab yeej tshuab CNC nrog ob lub rooj ua haujlwm, cov cuab yeej hloov pauv tsis siv neeg (ATC), cov tshuab tswj photoelectric rau kev ua tiav tsis siv neeg, thiab cov tshuab ntsuas workpiece online. Kev ua tiav kev tswj hwm tus lej tau tsim los ntawm kev ua tiav profile yooj yim mus rau kev ua tiav ntawm cov profile thiab cov qauv, los ntawm kev ua tiav nruab nrab thiab qis-ceev mus rau kev ua tiav ceev ceev, thiab kev txhim kho ntawm kev ua tiav automation thev naus laus zis yog sai heev.
5. Kev siv tshuab stamping phaj hlau muaj zog yog qhov kev taw qhia yav tom ntej
Cov hlau muaj zog siab muaj cov yam ntxwv zoo heev ntawm qhov sib piv ntawm cov txiaj ntsig, cov yam ntxwv ntawm kev tawv tawv, kev faib tawm ntawm kev tawv tawv, thiab kev nqus zog sib tsoo, thiab qhov ntau ntawm kev siv hauv tsheb txuas ntxiv mus. Tam sim no, cov hlau muaj zog siab siv hauv kev luam ntawv tsheb feem ntau suav nrog cov hlau tawv tawv (BH hlau), hlau ob theem (DP hlau), thiab hlau yas hloov pauv theem (TRIP hlau). Lub Koom Haum Thoob Ntiaj Teb Ultra Light Body Project (ULSAB) kwv yees tias 97% ntawm lub tsheb tswv yim siab heev (ULSAB-AVC) tau tsim tawm xyoo 2010 yuav yog cov hlau muaj zog siab. Qhov feem pua ntawm cov hlau muaj zog siab heev hauv cov khoom siv tsheb yuav tshaj 60%, thiab qhov feem pua ntawm cov hlau yuav suav txog 74% ntawm cov hlau phaj tsheb. Cov hlau mos feem ntau siv hauv IF hlau yuav yog cov hlau phaj siab, thiab cov hlau muaj zog siab tsawg yuav yog cov hlau ob theem thiab cov hlau phaj siab heev. Tam sim no, kev siv cov phaj hlau muaj zog rau cov khoom siv hauv tsev feem ntau tsuas yog txwv rau cov khoom siv thiab cov ntoo xwb, thiab lub zog tensile ntawm cov ntaub ntawv siv feem ntau qis dua 500MPa. Yog li ntawd, kev paub sai sai txog cov thev naus laus zis stamping ntawm cov phaj hlau muaj zog yog qhov teeb meem tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum tau daws sai sai hauv kev lag luam pwm tsheb hauv kuv lub teb chaws.
6. Cov khoom pwm tshiab yuav raug tso tawm rau lub sijhawm tsim nyog
Nrog rau kev txhim kho ntawm kev ua haujlwm siab thiab kev siv tshuab ntawm kev tsim khoom siv stamping tsheb, kev siv cov pwm nce qib hauv kev tsim cov khoom siv stamping tsheb yuav dav dua. Cov khoom siv stamping nyuaj, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog qee qhov me me thiab nruab nrab nyuaj stamping uas xav tau ntau pawg ntawm cov pwm xuas nrig raws li cov txheej txheem ib txwm muaj, tau tsim los ntawm cov pwm nce qib. Cov pwm nce qib yog ib hom khoom pwm siab heev, uas nyuaj rau kev siv tshuab, xav tau kev tsim khoom siab, thiab muaj lub voj voog tsim khoom ntev. Cov pwm nce qib ntau qhov chaw yuav yog ib qho ntawm cov khoom pwm tseem ceeb tshaj plaws hauv kuv lub tebchaws.
Xya, cov ntaub ntawv pwm thiab cov txheej txheem kho qhov chaw yuav raug rov siv dua
Qhov zoo thiab kev ua tau zoo ntawm cov khoom siv pwm yog cov yam tseem ceeb uas cuam tshuam rau qhov zoo ntawm pwm, lub neej thiab tus nqi. Nyob rau hauv xyoo tas los no, ntxiv rau qhov kev qhia txog ntau yam khoom siv hlau txias uas muaj zog thiab hnav tsis kam, hlau txias uas muaj nplaim taws tua, thiab hlau hmoov metallurgy txias uas muaj zog, nws tsim nyog siv cov khoom siv hlau cam khwb cia rau cov pwm loj thiab nruab nrab txawv teb chaws. Txhawj xeeb txog qhov sib txawv ntawm kev loj hlob. Hlau cam khwb cia nodular muaj qhov tawv zoo thiab hnav tsis kam, nws qhov kev ua haujlwm vuam, kev ua haujlwm tau zoo, kev ua haujlwm tawv ntawm qhov chaw kuj zoo, thiab tus nqi qis dua hlau cam khwb cia hlau, yog li nws siv ntau dua hauv cov pwm tsheb.
8. Kev tswj hwm kev tshawb fawb thiab kev tshaj tawm xov xwm yog kev coj ua ntawm cov lag luam pwm
Lub sijhawm tshaj tawm: Tsib Hlis-11-2021